Impact of Short-term Exercise Program on Functional Independence in Patient with Hydropneumothorax: A Case Study

Background: Hydro-pneumothorax is a rare variant of pneumothorax. It occurs when both free fluid and air is present within the pleural space. The goal of the treatment is to relieve the pressure on the lung, allowing it to re-expand. Treatment options may involve solely observation or needle aspiration or intercostal tube drainage (ICD), along with antibiotic cover, all of this anchored with physiotherapeutic management.

Case presentation: A 54 years old male visited hospital with complaints of dyspnea (MMRC grade II), dry cough and high-grade fever since one month along with a history of chronic alcohol consumption and tobacco chewing since more than 10 years.

Investigations: Laboratory investigations include Chest X-ray which showed fairly large opacities with fluid level in right side. The costo-phrenic angle on the right side was obliterated, multiple small patchy opacities are also seen in right lower zones. Along with these findings, there was contralateral mediastinal shift.

Treatment: Physiotherapy intervention included patient education, breathing retraining, airway clearance techniques, positioning, walking program with supplemented oxygen and psychological support. Outcome measures have shown improvement in functional independence and performance of activities of daily living.

Conclusion: Physiotherapy management showed efficient results in improving the lung function, quality of life, inducing relaxation and early return to pre-disease life in patient with hydro pneumothorax.