Etiology of Upper GI Bleeding on Endoscopy

Background: Several circumstances and conditions lead to UGIB. The commonest among them peptic ulcer to an approximation of 50% in cases. The second major cause may be esoghageal varices and third is mallory-weis tears. There are also other causes, which may include erosins, tumors and other malformations like arteriovenous. Methods: This was an observational retrospective study of all patients referred to endoscopy. The study exclusion criteria include all patients who had repeat endoscopies within one month of the previous endoscopy whereas all the patients with UGIB were included in this study. Results: We retrieved data of total 150 patients who had experienced upper gastrointestinal endoscopy during the selected time period covered in the study, March 2015 to February 2016. The mean age of the patients was 43.3 ± 13.80. 80 (53.3%) of the patients were male and 70 (46.7%) were females. Exploring more into UGIB causes the majority of patients were with esophageal varices 68 (45.3%) with male to female share was 2:1. The second most cause was esophagitis (n = 22, (14.67%)), the distribution of the cause was similar in male to female. Conclusion: We may conclude from our findings that the most common cause of UGIB is esophageal varices in our population.